{"id":667,"date":"2025-03-01T08:48:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-01T07:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/?p=667"},"modified":"2025-03-06T01:30:32","modified_gmt":"2025-03-06T00:30:32","slug":"charakteristika-diabeticke-diety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/charakteristika-diabeticke-diety\/","title":{"rendered":"Charakteristika diabetick\u00e9 diety"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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1. Diabetes mellitus (cukrovka) je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m chyb\u00ed organizmu dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed inzulinu pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed gluk\u00f3zy z p\u0159ijat\u00fdch sacharid\u016f (cukr\u016f), a to bu\u010f absolutn\u011b (p\u0159i diabetu 1. typu), nebo relativn\u011b (p\u0159i diabetu 2. typu).<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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2. Dieta s vylou\u010den\u00edm jednoduch\u00fdch cukr\u016f (nap\u0159. cukr, d\u017eem, med, \u010dokol\u00e1da aj.) a s omezen\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjmu slo\u017eit\u00fdch cukr\u016f, obsa\u017een\u00fdch v mnoha potravin\u00e1ch a v r\u016fzn\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed (v obilovin\u00e1ch, v r\u00fd\u017ei, v brambor\u00e1ch, v ovoci, v zelenin\u011b, v lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch i v ml\u00e9ce), je proto z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby ka\u017ed\u00e9ho diabetika.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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3. Hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1sadou t\u00e9to diety je dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed – podle t\u00ed\u017ee onemocn\u011bn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159em ur\u010den\u00e9ho – nejen mno\u017estv\u00ed sacharid\u016f, n\u00fdbr\u017e i celkov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjmu energie, tedy i tuk\u016f a b\u00edlkovin. Denn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem energie mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159edeps\u00e1n tak, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd pacient i s ohledem na sv\u016fj denn\u00ed v\u00fddej energie dos\u00e1hl sv\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 hmotnosti (v\u00fd\u0161ka v cm 100 cm = ide\u00e1ln\u00ed hmotnost) a tu si pak udr\u017eoval – samoz\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159i dobr\u00e9 metabolick\u00e9 kompenzaci cukrovky.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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4. Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sada je pravidelnost v j\u00eddle a jeho rozd\u011blen\u00ed do 5 a\u017e 6 d\u00e1vek ve 3hodinov\u00fdch intervalech za den. To je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 u diabetik\u016f 2. typu a v\u0161ude tam, kde je zachov\u00e1na vlastn\u00ed sekrece inzulinu. P\u0159\u00edjem potravy je toti\u017e sign\u00e1lem pro v\u00fddej inzulinu z bun\u011bk Langerhansov\u00fdch ostr\u016fvk\u016f ve slinivce b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed. Stravovac\u00ed re\u017eim lze v\u0161ak zejm\u00e9na u diabetik\u016f 1. typu l\u00e9\u010den\u00fdch kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edm inzulinem p\u0159izp\u016fsobit zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo z\u00e1lib\u00e1m tak, aby se pacient c\u00edtil co nejl\u00e9pe – ov\u0161em po porad\u011b s l\u00e9ka\u0159em nebo s dietn\u00ed sestrou.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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5. Nezvykne-li si diabetik nesladit v\u016fbec, m\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat um\u011bl\u00e1 sladidla: v tekutin\u00e1ch nekalorick\u00e1 (Aspartam \u010di Sacharin) a jen pro tuh\u00e9 pokrmy u\u017e\u00edvat sladidla energetick\u00e1 (Fruktoza, Sorbitol).<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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6. Tuky jsou potravinou vysoce energetickou. Sou\u010dasn\u011b v\u0161ak zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko rozvoje c\u00e9vn\u00edch aterosklerotick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Proto je vhodn\u00e9 omezovat tuky \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 a pou\u017e\u00edvat tuky rostlinn\u00e9, ale jen v p\u0159edepsan\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed na den.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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7. Mno\u017estv\u00ed b\u00edlkovin se neli\u0161\u00ed od norm\u00e1ln\u00edch stravovac\u00edch zvyklost\u00ed. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba pamatovat, \u017ee b\u00edlkoviny \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu jsou sdru\u017eeny s tuky, a proto je vhodn\u00e9 za\u0159azovat \u010dast\u011bji t\u00e9\u017e b\u00edlkoviny rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (soju a lu\u0161t\u011bniny), ov\u0161em zase s ohledem na jejich obsah sacharid\u016f tak, aby celkov\u00e1 denn\u00ed d\u00e1vka sacharid\u016f nebyla p\u0159ekro\u010dena. <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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8. Dieta diabetika m\u00e1 m\u00edt v\u0161ak naopak zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd obsah ovoce a zeleniny a to pro dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem vitamin\u016f a miner\u00e1l\u016f v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed form\u011b. <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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9. Vl\u00e1knina, obsa\u017een\u00e1 v zelenin\u011b, v ovoci, v lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch i v j\u00eddle z celozrnn\u00fdch obilo- vin, pat\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 denn\u011b do stravy diabetika. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro vyprazd\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealudku i st\u0159ev a m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd vliv na l\u00e1tkovou p\u0159em\u011bnu cukr\u016f i tuk\u016f. <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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10. Denn\u00ed d\u00e1vka tekutin by m\u011bla b\u00fdt 2 litry, ale jejich druhy je t\u0159eba vyb\u00edrat tak, aby m\u011bly n\u00edzk\u00fd obsah energie, a aby nebyly slazeny cukrem.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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11. Pozor na alkohol! Alkoholick\u00e9 n\u00e1poje obsahuj\u00ed nejen zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u010dasto i sacharidy (S), nap\u0159. 1 litr piva = 40 g S = 80 g chleba.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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12. Nezapom\u00ednejte nikdy, \u017ee dia potraviny obsahuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 energii, a proto je t\u0159eba jejich p\u0159\u00edjem zapo\u010d\u00edtat do celkov\u00e9ho p\u0159edepsan\u00e9ho denn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu sacharid\u016f i tuk\u016f. <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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13. Ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby a spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u017eivotospr\u00e1vy diabetika je tak\u00e9 \u00fam\u011brn\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 n\u00e1maha, a tedy pravideln\u00e1 rehabilitace pohybem. Stahy kostern\u00edch sval\u016f napom\u00e1haj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00fdch \u017eivin – nejen k v\u00fddeji energie, ale i k vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed gluk\u00f3zy, proto\u017ee se pohybem sni\u017euje tzv. inzulinorezistence, kter\u00e1 je vlastn\u011b hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou toho relativn\u00edho nedostatku inzulinu u v\u011bt\u0161iny ob\u00e9zn\u00edch diabetik\u016f 2. typu. <\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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14. Pokud snad je\u0161t\u011b kou\u0159\u00edte, pak zna\u010dn\u011b zhor\u0161ujete svoji zdravotn\u00ed progn\u00f3zu.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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DIETN\u00cd Z\u00c1SADY:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2022 Dodr\u017eujte dietu pro v\u00e1s individu\u00e1ln\u011b stanovenou jak po str\u00e1nce energetick\u00e9, tak z hlediska obsahu sacharid\u016f, tuk\u016f a b\u00edlkovin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Nejezte v\u00edce ne\u017e 2 vejce t\u00fddn\u011b. \u017dloutek obsahuje hodn\u011b cholesterolu. B\u00edlek m\u016f\u017eete za\u0159adit \u010dast\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je vl\u00e1knina, kter\u00e1 je obsa\u017eena pr\u00e1v\u011b v zelenin\u011b, ovoci, lu\u0161t\u011bnin\u00e1ch a v\u00fdrobc\u00edch z celozrnn\u00fdch obilovin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Pe\u010divo, t\u011bstoviny a cere\u00e1lie vyb\u00edrejte rad\u011bji celozrnn\u00e9. Hladina cukru v krvi po nich stoupne pomaleji a poskytnou v\u00e1m energii na del\u0161\u00ed dobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Uveden\u00e9 z\u00e1sady neplat\u00ed pro v\u0161echny pacienty – nap\u0159. pro ob\u00e9zn\u00ed, kter\u00fdm se neda\u0159i hubnout, nebo pro pacienty s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hladinou cholesterolu (dle pot\u0159eby konzultujte se sv\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u2022Jezte pravideln\u011b, nejl\u00e9pe 6x denn\u011b. Nevynech\u00e1vejte sn\u00eddani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2022 Pokud pot\u0159ebujete zhubnout, dodr\u017eujte reduk\u010dn\u00ed j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek, kde hlavn\u00edm nep\u0159\u00edtelem jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b tuky.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Zelenina a ovoce se mus\u00ed st\u00e1t samoz\u0159ejmou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku. Pokud m\u00e1te nadv\u00e1hu. m\u011bla by tvo\u0159it dokonce z\u00e1klad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Vyh\u00fdbejte se alkoholu. Rozhodn\u011b jej nepova\u017eujte za tekutiny, nezah\u00e1n\u011bjte jim \u017e\u00edze\u0148. Obsahuje vysok\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie a zpravidla i cukru. P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b m\u016f\u017eete vypit 2 decl. p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho v\u00edna \u010di 2,5 decl. desetistup\u0148ov\u00e9ho piva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Nezapom\u00ednejte, \u017ee sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu se mus\u00ed st\u00e1t fyzick\u00e1 aktivita p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 k va\u0161emu v\u011bku a zdravotn\u00edmu stavu. Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je rychl\u00e1 ch\u016fze, j\u00edzda na kole, plav\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\u2022 Nikdy nenahrazujte cukry v j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku tuky. To by vedlo velmi rychle k nadv\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2022 Z tuk\u016f jsou nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 oleje (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b olivov\u00fd). M\u00edsto m\u00e1sla pou\u017e\u00edvejte rad\u011bji rostlinn\u00e9 tuky, nap\u0159. Flora, Rama.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 D\u00e1vejte p\u0159ednost b\u00edl\u00e9mu masu (dr\u016fbe\u017e). Alespo\u0148 2x t\u00fddn\u011b za\u0159a\u010fte do sv\u00e9ho j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku ryby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Nezapom\u00ednejte p\u00edt! Alespo\u0148 2 litry denn\u011b. Nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je \u010dist\u00e1 voda, bylinkov\u00e9 a ovocn\u00e9 \u010daje, miner\u00e1ln\u00ed vody. D\u017eusy pou\u017e\u00edvejte sp\u00ed\u0161e k dochucen\u00ed vody a \u010daje. Maj\u00ed vysok\u00fd obsah cukru. Sladk\u00e9 limon\u00e1dy ze sv\u00e9ho j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku vynechte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Omezte s\u016fl, k dochucen\u00ed j\u00eddla pou\u017e\u00edvejte p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bylinky.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Nezapom\u00ednejte, \u017ee dia potraviny obsahuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 energii…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clanky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=667"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1356,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667\/revisions\/1356"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klubdiabetikuzlin.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}